Intermediate Microeconomics · free preview

The Tangency Condition

The consumer's optimum is the highest indifference curve the budget line can touch, and at an interior optimum tangency holds, the MRS equals the price ratio, the rate the consumer is willing to trade equals the rate the market demands.

1. The best affordable bundle

The best affordable bundle

2. Tangency as an equation

Tangency as an equation

3. Checking it with Cobb-Douglas

Checking it with Cobb-Douglas

4. When tangency is not enough

When tangency is not enough

5. Why crossing fails

At a bundle where the indifference curve crosses the budget line, why is that bundle not optimal?

6. The condition in words

What does the tangency condition MRS equal to p1 over p2 mean economically?

7. A bargain off tangency

Suppose the MRS at the current bundle is 3 while the price ratio is 1, good one is cheap relative to how it is valued. What happens?

8. The Cobb-Douglas check

For u equal to x1 x2 with income 20 and prices 1 and 1, where is the optimum and why?

9. Tangency point utility

For u equal to x1 x2 with income 20 and equal prices, compute the utility at the optimal bundle, and write the number.

10. A crossing bundle's level

The indifference curve x1 x2 equal to 75 crosses the same budget at two bundles. Compute x1 at the crossing where x2 equals 15, and write the number.

11. The prize for climbing

The curve x1 x2 equals 75 crosses the budget at (5, 15), while the tangent curve reaches 100. What is the utility gain from climbing to the tangency?

12. Tangency alone is not a certificate

Why is finding a tangency point not enough to declare an optimum?

13. Tangency with unequal prices

For u of x1 x2 with income 20 and prices 2 and 1, where is the optimum?

14. Counting intersections

How does the tangent curve x1 x2 equals 100 meet the budget x1 plus x2 equals 20, compared with the curve at 75?

15. Utility under unequal prices

For u of x1 x2 with income 20 and prices 2 and 1, compute the utility at the optimal bundle, and write the number.

16. The MRS at a crossing

At the crossing bundle (5, 15) on the curve x1 x2 equals 75, compute the absolute MRS, and write the number.

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