Intermediate Microeconomics · free preview

Convexity and the Value of Mixtures

Convex preferences rank averages of indifferent bundles at least as high as the extremes, a property visible as bowed-in indifference curves that guarantees the tangency optimum is unique and stable.

1. The mixture test

The mixture test

2. Why convexity is plausible

Why convexity is plausible

3. What convexity buys in optimization

What convexity buys in optimization

4. Testing convexity with numbers

Testing convexity with numbers

5. The definition at work

Which statement defines convexity of preferences precisely?

6. The midpoint's utility

Bundles (2,8)(2, 8) and (8,2)(8, 2) both lie on the level-16 curve of u=x1x2u = x_1 x_2. What is the utility of their midpoint (5,5)(5, 5)?

7. Why optimization wants convexity

What does strict convexity guarantee about the tangency solution of the consumer's problem?

8. A non-convex warning sign

Which preference pattern would violate convexity and threaten the uniqueness of tangency solutions?

9. The averaging bonus

For u=x1x2u = x_1 x_2, bundles (3,6)(3, 6) and (6,3)(6, 3) both lie on one indifference curve. Compute the utility of their midpoint (4.5,4.5)(4.5, 4.5), and write the number.

10. A wider spread

For the same utility, bundles (1,18)(1, 18) and (18,1)(18, 1) lie on the level-18 curve. Compute the utility of their midpoint (9.5,9.5)(9.5, 9.5), and write the number.

11. The mixture of extremes

Bundles (1, 18) and (18, 1) both sit on the level-18 curve. Their midpoint scores 90.25, which exceeds 18. What does that prove?

12. Why convexity buys uniqueness

How does strict convexity rule out two distinct optimal bundles on one budget line?

13. When convexity fails

Which pattern violates convexity and threatens uniqueness of the tangency?

14. Convexity and risk

What is the risk-side reading of convexity of preferences over bundles?

15. Midpoint on level sixteen

Bundles (2, 8) and (8, 2) lie on the level-16 curve. Their average is (5, 5). Compute its utility and write the number.

16. A tight spread's bonus

Bundles (1, 4) and (4, 1) lie on the level-4 curve. Their average is (2.5, 2.5). Compute its utility with two decimals and write the number.

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