Intermediate Microeconomics · free preview

Partial Derivatives and Level Curves

With several variables in play, the partial derivative moves one input at a time, and the level curves of a function carry a slope recipe, the ratio of partials, that will become the marginal rate of substitution and the technical rate of substitution.

1. One variable at a time

One variable at a time

2. Level curves as landscapes

Level curves as landscapes

3. The slope recipe

The slope recipe

4. Reading steepness economically

Reading steepness economically

5. The partial's defining freeze

What does the partial derivative ∂f∂x1\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_1} hold fixed, and why is that the right concept for bundles of goods?

6. Partials of a product

For f(x1,x2)=x1x2f(x_1, x_2) = x_1 x_2, what are the partial derivatives at the bundle (3,4)(3, 4)?

7. The level curve's slope

What is the slope of the level curve of f=x1x2f = x_1 x_2 through the bundle (3,4)(3, 4), where the curve is x1x2=12x_1 x_2 = 12?

8. Steepness along the curve

Compare the slope of x1x2=12x_1 x_2 = 12 at (8,1.5)(8, 1.5) with the slope at (3,4)(3, 4). What does the change say economically?

9. The partial at a point

For f(x1,x2)=x1x2f(x_1, x_2) = x_1 x_2, compute the partial derivative ∂f∂x1\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_1} at the bundle (3,4)(3, 4), and write the number.

10. The value on the curve

The level curve of f=x1x2f = x_1 x_2 through (3,4)(3, 4) has equation x1x2=kx_1 x_2 = k. Compute the level value kk, and write the number.

11. Another point on the curve

Which of these bundles does NOT lie on the level curve x1 times x2 equal to 12?

12. The see-saw sign

Why is the slope of a level curve negative when both goods are desirable?

13. Generous and stingy

At (3, 4) the slope is minus 4 thirds, and at (8, 1.5) it is about minus 0.19. What economic reading fits?

14. The recipe's numerator

In the slope formula minus partial f over partial x1 divided by partial f over partial x2, what does the numerator count?

15. Slope at the far point

At the bundle (8, 1.5) the slope formula gives minus 1.5 over 8. Compute the magnitude to three decimals and write it.

16. Partial at another bundle

For f of x1 times x2, compute the partial with respect to x2 at the bundle (5, 6), and write the number.

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